![]() | The War Of The Running Dogs: Malaya 1948-1960 (Cassell Military Paperbacks) Noel Barber Date: 19 January, 2005 — $9.71 — Book Rating: |
Lost in the hubub over the Vietnam saga is the Malayan "Emergency" - the communist insurgency in Malaya from 1948 to 1960. I don't want to give away the ending, but THE BRITISH WON. Hmm... An insurgency, an occupying army, a populace supporting insurgents, and A DECISIVE DEFEAT OF THE INSURGENCY. Sound familiar? Except for the last part, I mean.
Seriously, there was a lot that could have been learned from the British victory and applied in Iraq. James Dobbins recently wrote an article where he actually recommends putting internal security in the hands of British forces in Iraq, because they have experience (and victories) in combating communist and nationalist insurgencies and we don't.
According to Noel Barber, here's the British secret: it "was a war of ideologies" which would be won by "armed support for a political war, not political support for an army war." The British stuck to that formula for the duration, putting police on the front line backed up by military ground and air support.
The fundamental mission the British undertook was to protect the populace and isolate the insurgents. It was (should still be) well understood that an insurgency will wither without support from the people. In order to secure intelligence and supplies, insurgents can sometimes rely on willing support for "the cause", but more often they need to terrorize the populace into assisting them. The British understood that "you can't expect any support from people you can't protect," and adjusted troop levels and procedures accordingly.
Really, this is an excellent book. It's very readable - more like a techno-thriller than a military history. There are stories of espionage, counter-espionage, infiltration, detective work, Shakespeare-reading communists, ambushes, massacres, pitched jungle battles, and even ingenious Americans. Plus, it has a happy ending.
The book is definitely written with the benefit of hindsight, but that makes it no less entertaining and instructive. For example, one of the most effective measures the British took (besides making it VERY clear that they were going to completely pull out when the insurgency ended) was the introduction of national ID cards. Anyone without a card was an insurgent, and this simple act made life very hard on the bad guys.
If US administrators in Iraq haven't learned anything from history, perhaps Iraq's new leaders will. It's also interesting to note that the US commanding officer in Afghanistan is a student of the Malayan Emergency. Any correlation with the relative levels of insurgent activities in Iraq and Afghanistan? Hmm...
I agree with all you have said. I was serving in Singapore at the time of
the emergency,(1949-52. 52-54)
Thanks, Ernest. You guys did a great job out there. Having lived in
Singapore for three years myself, I have a deep respect for what you did.
I have read and re-read the book severeal times. The first time I read was
the condensed version when I was in junior High. It appeared in the
Reader's Digest Book section way back in the early 70's. Noel Barber puts
the story in a fast phase mood. It was intriguing. So I bought the book
when I was in college. Now I am teacing in a University, and I am still
reading it and often relate it to my students on how my country with the
help of British psychological and civilian approach (not military) were
able to defeat the communist, backed by Mao's Red China.
Thanks for the note, AR. I think you're right about Vietnam, in fact the
British were asked to consult with the US miilitary in Vietnam about their
experience in Malaya -- and were ignored.
I served in Malaya from 1959 to 1960 and there were American Officers
learning British tactics. They were great guys I thought they had guts and
often wonder why they did not put into practice what they were taught
.British soldiers have the greatest respect for the yank foot soldiers,its
their leaders who need to listen to the troops.good luck in Iraq
OK in the interests of historical accuracy i'd like to post this comment by
my Father, H.T.B.Ryves CBE JMN who was Deputy Commissioner and Director of
Special Branch (1954-1960), Royal Federation of Malaya Police on this
lamentable book - I owe it to his memory ...